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Political Bell Curve

How Our Laws Are Made

 

"How Our Laws Are Made" (House Document 110-49); revised and updated by John V. Sullivan, Parliamentarian, United States House of Representatives, July 2007.

 

Reference:  Text directly from https://www.congress.gov

 

PDF:  How Our Laws Are Made

 

Reference:  Text directly from https://www.gpo.gov

 

Any font (size, style, etc.) changes from the original are either purely aesthetic or highlights to identify important text.

Table of Contents

 

I. Introduction

 

II. The Congress

 

III. Sources of Legislation

 

IV. Forms of Congressional Action

 

Bills

 

Joint Resolutions

 

Concurrent Resolutions

 

Simple Resolutions

 

V.  Introduction and Referral to Committee

 

VI. Consideration by Committee

 

Committee Meetings

 

Public Hearings

 

Markup

 

Final Committee Action

 

Points of Order with Respect to Committee Hearing Procedure

 

VII. Reported Bills

 

Contents of Reports

 

Filing of Reports

 

Availability of Reports and Hearings

 

VIII. Legislative Oversight by Standing Committees

 

IX. Calendars

 

Union Calendar

 

House Calendar

 

Private Calendar

 

Calendar of Motions to Discharge Committees

 

X. Obtaining Consideration of Measures

 

Unanimous Consent

 

Special Resolution or "Rule"

 

Consideration of Measures Made in Order by Rule Reported from the Committee on Rules

 

Motion to Discharge Committee

 

Motion to Suspend the Rules

 

Calendar Wednesday

 

District of Columbia Business

 

Questions of Privilege

 

Privileged Matters

 

XI. Consideration and Debate

 

Committee of the Whole

 

Second Reading

 

Amendments and the Germaneness Rule

 

Congressional Earmarks

 

The Committee "Rises"

 

House Action

 

Motion to Recommit

 

Quorum Calls and Roll Calls

 

Voting

 

Electronic Voting

 

Pairing of Members

 

System of Lights and Bells

 

Recess Authority

 

Live Coverage of Floor Proceedings

 

XII. Congressional Budget Process

 

XIII. Engrossment and Message to Senate

 

XIV. Senate Action

 

Committee Consideration

 

Chamber Procedure

 

XV. Final Action on Amended Bill

 

Request for a Conference

 

Authority of Conferees

 

Meetings and Action of Conferees

 

Conference Reports

 

Custody of Papers

 

XVI. Bill Originating in Senate

 

XVII. Enrollment

 

XVIII. Presidential Action

 

Veto Message

 

Line Item Veto

 

XIX. Publication

 

Slip Laws

 

Statutes at Large

 

United States Code

 

Appendix

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